Apple tree of Nedzvetsky - history, description and characteristics of the variety
Content:
The Nedzvetsky apple tree belongs to the ornamental varieties. The unusual purple foliage and beautiful flowers made it possible to use trees not only to decorate gardens, but also city streets. The fruits are edible, but have a low palatability.
Description of the apple tree
Kashgar is considered the birthplace of the variety - this is a small region of China. Nedzwiecki collected the fruits of a beautiful red apple tree and sent them to Dr. Georg Dick. It was he who described the variety and began to cultivate it in Germany.
In China, the variety is called "Kisil Alma" - a red apple
The Nedzvedsky apple tree is a small tree, only 6-8 m in height, with smooth shoots. Young twigs are purple in color. Gradually they turn green, and this gives the crown an unusual look. The flowers in the buds are also purple, and after blooming they turn pinkish. Fruits are about 8 mm in diameter with reddish flesh and waxy surface. The variety is resistant to diseases and pests.
Pros and cons of the variety
When studying the description of the Nedzvetsky apple tree, one can single out the features of the variety - fast growth, unpretentiousness and adaptation to any conditions. The culture is resistant to frost, and therefore it is grown in many regions of Russia.
The disadvantages of the variety include susceptibility to scab. If left untreated, the disease will quickly destroy the trees. Therefore, you need to regularly inspect the seedlings.
Features of the tree
When creating landscape design, you need to study the characteristics of each variety. This will allow you to create beautiful and unusual compositions. The apple tree can be a single tree on a lawn or part of a hedge.
Even without crown formation, the apple tree looks beautiful
Wild specimens reach a height of 18 meters. Cultural ones can be small, and it all depends on the place of growth. The variety tolerates even a harsh winter well.
Description of the trunk and crown
Young trees are purple in color. Trunks and branches are smooth, without thorns. Adult apple trees are brownish-gray with wrinkled bark. After a year, the shoots thicken slightly and become almost black.
The crown is broadly spreading, and without formation takes on a rounded shape. It can reach a diameter of 4 meters. If you cut the branches, you can achieve any design.
Description of the fetus
The tree begins to bear fruit only 10 years after planting. The apples are small - only 1.8 mm in diameter. They are small, barely weighing 20 g. Fruits are pink-purple with red flesh.
After frost, the fruits lose their unpleasant taste. They are good for feeding birds, such as bullfinches or waxwings.Also apples look beautiful in winter.
Pollinators, timing of flowering and fruiting
Other varieties of ornamental apple trees are used as pollinators. For example, Royal Beauty or Berry. The apple tree of Nedzvetsky blooms little, only two weeks - in mid-May and early June.
Flowers are simple, about 4 cm in diameter
The fruits ripen in September-October. It is not necessary to collect them, you can leave them for the winter. Then the apples will be eaten by the birds.
Resilience of the tree
With proper care, the variety is immune to most diseases and pests. But this does not preclude the need for treatments. For this, folk remedies and special preparations are used.
Landing
You can plant apple trees in spring or autumn. If this is done after winter, then before the beginning of the growing season. The rest of the time - a month before the onset of cold weather.
Soil preparation
Planting trees is carried out in any soil. It is desirable that the land is fertile and moist. You can mix soil with humus and organic fertilizer. The mixture is allowed to refill and brew.
Technology
For planting, they dig a hole 1 meter deep, no more than 80 cm wide. Drainage is placed on the bottom, then peat and humus are poured, you can add a little organic fertilizer. A tree is placed on top and covered with soil.
Disembarkation in groups
When creating hedges or rows, you need to maintain a distance of 5 meters.
In autumn
In the fall, planting is done in the standard way. You can cover the tree trunk circle with foliage - a layer of at least 40 cm. This will protect the roots from frost.
Growing features
Nedzvetsky's apple tree needs regular care. The soil should be neutral in acidity. Regular watering is required.
Agrotechnics
Weeds must be removed regularly. Water three buckets of water monthly under each tree.
Pruning
Dry and weak branches are removed in the spring. This should be done before the formation of the kidneys. The formation of the crown is optional.
Without pruning, the tree still looks beautiful
If you need to give the crown a certain shape, then the excess branches are removed with pruning shears. The procedure is carried out in spring and autumn. This will allow you to harvest new shoots in a timely manner.
What can be grafted
Any ornamental varieties of apple or wild plants. This will allow you to get unusual color combinations. For pollination, you can plant apple trees or leave everything to the bees.
Features of ripening and fruiting
If the apple tree does not bloom, perhaps the problem is at a young age (up to 5 years old the tree is just developing) or in nitrogenous soil. The tree can freeze - this happens if the planting site is not chosen correctly. The culture may not bloom even if damaged by rodents.
Fruit use
Apples can be dried and used in compotes. Fresh fruits are suitable for making jam, marshmallow, cider. Kvass is also made from them.
Reproduction
The variety propagates by cuttings, but then you need to take into account that splitting occurs according to signs. Better to use cuttings. They are planted in the ground or grafted into wild plants. Reproduction by root shoots is allowed.
Subspecies and variants
The Nedzwiecki apple tree is shaped and pruned. There are several types that are used for grafting. This will create a beautiful composition.
On the trunk
The lower branches are removed, the trunk is tied to a support. So the shoots will be only on the top, and it will turn out to form a beautiful crown.
Royalty
It resembles cherry blossoms, abundant flowering - the buds are red, the fruits are inedible.
Red-leaved
Reaches a height of 10 meters, the crown is drooping, blooms profusely with carmine buds. Fruits with a slight yellow tint, small.
Weeping
Differs in a special crown. The branches bend downward, making the tree look like a willow tree. The flowers are pinkish and delicate. Can grow in a pond.
Wild growing
It is not decorative, but completely unpretentious. It blooms for 10 days at the end of May. The fruits are small and tasteless.
Growing in different regions
The characteristics of the tree are influenced by climatic and agrotechnical conditions.
In outskirts of Moscow
A couple of stones are buried next to the roots - they allow you to shift the flowering time by a couple of weeks. Otherwise, the returnable cold will kill the buds.
In the Leningrad region
You need to choose a sunny place for planting, just not in the lowlands. The rest of the apple trees adapt perfectly to the conditions.
In Ukraine
Almost ideal conditions for the Nedzvetskiy variety. Mild winters with no severe cold weather. The trees will grow rapidly.
In Siberia and the Urals
In a windless place, trees tolerate frosts more easily. Can be used as a grafting "Siberian" variety of apple trees. It will increase resistance to cold weather.
Subtleties of care
The crown is pruned in spring and autumn. If the tree grows very actively, then the procedure is done in the summer. This will form the correct crown.
How to fertilize the tree
In the spring, apple trees are watered with organic fertilizer. Mineral dressings can be used. The second treatment is done in the middle of summer. The last one is in the fall.
Disease prevention
In the spring, trees are sprayed with insecticides. This will prevent the appearance of pests. You can supplement the treatment with Bordeaux liquid.
Healthy fruits without stains and rotten areas
Sometimes copper sulfate is used. It is important to inspect the trees regularly. This will reveal signs of disease.
Collection and storage
The apples are harvested in the fall. It is advisable to dry them - this way they will be better preserved. You can immediately process them into juice or fruit drink. Then the drinks are poured into sterilized cans. In this form, they are stored for a long time.
The apple tree of Nedzwiecki is an ornamental tree with purple foliage and beautiful flowering. Since the fruits of the culture do not differ in pleasant taste, it is grown mainly to decorate the landscape.
