Garden hibiscus or Chinese rose - species, outdoor cultivation

Garden hibiscus is a prominent representative of the genus of deciduous evergreen shrubs belonging to the Malvaceae family. Experts count nearly 300 species that grow in tropical and subtropical conditions of the New and Old Worlds. In temperate climates, only three types of hibiscus can grow. Garden (Syrian) hibiscus is considered one of the most popular among flower growers - a tree that pleases with amazing flowering.

The origin and appearance of the plant

Garden hibiscus belongs to the category of tree-like plants growing in the Caucasus and South Korea. On holidays, Korean girls decorate their heads with hibiscus wreaths. With the right care of the decorative culture, you can admire the beauty of the bright colors in the cold region. The Chinese rose is quite successfully grown by residents of the Moscow region and St. Petersburg.

Garden hibiscus

Outdoor hibiscus is quite frost-resistant. Back in the 1940s. breeders have developed a hybrid variety of this plant. Hibiscus can be classified as a tree crop or a bush / herbaceous plant.

Garden Chinese rose flowers can be colored in:

• pink;
• red;
• burgundy;
• purple;
• white;
• yellow;
• blue.

The flowers turn into fruits that resemble the shape of boxes filled with seeds. The foliage of the Chinese rose is incised, petiolate. Garden hibiscus is not only evergreen, but also with foliage falling for the winter. Home-grown hibiscus garden flower should be taken outside during the summer months. Proper care of the plant will allow you to grow a healthy hibiscus shrub that will delight you with abundant flowering every year.

Transplant after purchase in open ground

Most often, garden hibiscus is grown in greenhouses, rock gardens and flower beds. Landscape designers plant seedlings near rose bushes and lavender thickets, enveloping the Chinese rose with the most delicate aroma. A similar smell will scare away pests from the tree plant. Experts recommend planting bush hibiscus near the porch or in central flower beds.

Site selection and lighting recommendations

Often, inexperienced growers wonder how to plant a hibiscus correctly. Below are tips to make this process easier. When choosing a landing site, preference should be given to well-lit areas that are sheltered from the north wind. It is unacceptable to plant a Chinese rose in a draft.

Growing soil

For planting a seedling, you should use fertile soil. The soil should be with drainage, since clay soil provokes moisture retention, which causes rotting of the root system. The growth rate of the flower gradually slows down and the plant dies.

Before you start planting seedlings, you need to dig up the soil and mix it with peat.It is also advisable to add a small part of rotted manure, humus and mineral fertilizers. The soil, well mixed with top dressing, is leveled with a rake and watered. After that, you can start digging depressions for planting young hydrangea bushes.

Planting hibiscus

Step-by-step planting process

How to plant hibiscus? Planting and caring for hibiscus garden and marsh process is simple. In order for the seedlings to take root successfully, it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations of specialists when planting:

1. After acquisition, it is unacceptable to water the seedling. Keep the soil in the container dry.
2. It is necessary to dig a depression in the chosen place and place a small part of humus in it or fill the surface of the bottom of the pit with saltpeter (10-15 g). Top dressing is mixed with the soil.
3. The container, in which the root system of the seedling is located, is tapped on the walls so that the root ball of earth can easily come out of the pot.
4. Tilting the container, carefully pull out the root system of the seedling along with the soil and move it into the prepared hole.
5. After installing the hibiscus in the planting recess, the unfilled side void of the pit is covered with soil.
6. Water the planted Chinese rose liberally. Pour 10-12 liters of water under each hibiscus bush.

When planting seedlings, it is worth choosing spacious areas in the flower beds so that it is possible to conveniently care for the bushes. Adult tree-like plants occupy large areas, since the volume of hibiscus often reaches 70-80 cm.When planting several bushes at the same time, it is worth leaving a distance between the planting holes of at least 150-200 cm.

It is very important to establish a support near the plant. The herbal shrub will be able to tie to it as it grows. If you ignore this advice, then the flowers will be picked off by the first strong wind or downpour.

Reproduction

Reproduction and care of garden hibiscus is not a big deal. It can be propagated in several ways:

• seed;
• cuttings;
• layering and grafting.

Growing from seeds

Sowing seed is best postponed until early spring. The first step is to prepare the seeds. To do this, pour them with a solution of potassium permanganate (you should get a dark pink shade). After 10 minutes. remove the seeds and immerse them in the epin solution (the liquid should slightly cover the material for planting).

Step-by-step seeding process:

1. Pour a soil mixture consisting of peat and sand into a prepared container.
2. The seed goes deep into the ground at a distance of 4 cm from each other.
3. The container is covered with a film material and removed to a warm room, the temperature in which reaches 26-27 ° C.
4. If possible, arrange bottom heating for crops.
5. Systematically remove the film for a couple of minutes for airing and remove condensation from the shelter. Moisten the soil if necessary.
6. After the first formed leaf plates, you can start picking the seedlings into individual containers. It is very important to observe the seedlings. If they start to stretch, you need to provide them with additional lighting.

Seedlings are planted in open ground at the end of spring, when the threat of night frosts has passed. Grown perennials are planted in a permanent place. It is better to grow weak seedlings a little in a pot indoors, and transplant them into open ground at the beginning of summer.

Chinese rose

Propagation of hibiscus by cuttings

Cuttings are harvested in the summer. Cut shoots should have three internodes. The lower cut of each is treated with a growth stimulant. Cuttings are planted in peat soil in a greenhouse until they are completely rooted. It is advisable to provide them with bottom heating.

After 30-40 days, the cuttings develop a developed root system.During this period, you can transplant them into separate containers filled with self-prepared soil mixture, which includes:

• peat;
• a small part of the sand;
• sod land;
• sheet soil.

Next, you should systematically water the bushes. As soon as young shoots begin to grow on the rooted cuttings, pinching can be carried out, which will stimulate the tillering process.

Grown and matured plants can be transplanted into open ground. Having correctly completed the breeding process, you can admire the gorgeous flowering already in the first year after the shrub was planted.

Care

In order for the flowering of the standard Chinese rose to be lush, it is necessary to properly care for the culture. The features of caring for a tree plant are described below.

Watering and spraying mode

To moisten the soil, it is necessary to use rain or river settled water with a low level of hardness. Hibiscus needs moderate watering. It is important to pay attention to the condition of the topsoil. On especially hot summer days, it is necessary to moisten the soil every day. The rest of the time, it is enough to water the Chinese rose three times a week.

In the event of a massive fall of flowers, we can talk about a strong drying out of the earth. In order to prevent damage to plants by chlorosis, it is necessary to moisten the soil with water containing a small amount of iron.

Don't worry if a few beautiful flowers fall off. This is normal, as new ones will bloom to replace them. Mass fall or fall of buds that have not opened may indicate a problem. The cause of this trouble is the wrong watering regime.

Growing hibiscus near lavender will be an excellent prevention against pests. Its delicate scent repels most insects.

Standard tree

Preparation for wintering is a crucial stage

Before the winter cold, the tree-like Chinese rose sheds its foliage. The perennial grown in Central Russia does not reach a height above 200-210 cm. The variety is quite frost-resistant, so the probability of freezing in the southern regions is minimal.

If the perennial grows in the Middle Lane, it is better not to risk it and prepare the hibiscus for wintering. Before sheltering, the plant must be watered abundantly (about 12-15 liters of water will be required). As soon as the soil dries up, the hibiscus must be piled up as high as possible. It is advisable to add a small amount of sand to the ground before this. As soon as the first frosts begin, the soil in which the Chinese rose is grown is covered with a layer:

• shavings;
• sawdust;
• dry foliage.

The backfill layer thickness should be between 18-20 cm.

The branches are pressed as low as possible to the soil. The perennial is wrapped in a dense non-woven material. It is best to make several rows of winding. Next, you should build a frame and throw a warming material and coniferous spruce branches over it.

Growing in a continental climate does not mean wintering a perennial outdoors. Siberian frosts will destroy the plant. Back in early November, the bush is very carefully dug up. In no case should damage to the root system be allowed.The plant is dug up with a large lump of soil and transferred to a large tub. After that, the tree hibiscus is lowered into the basement for the whole winter. You can additionally insulate the root system with a non-woven material.

Chinese rose care

Top dressing

In the summer months, fertilization should be done every 14 days. On top of the soil in which the hibiscus is planted, mineral fertilizer is scattered, it will get to the root system with water from irrigation. You can feed the Chinese rose with liquid bird droppings and fermented plant debris. Fertilizer is poured directly under the root system.

Poultry manure is an excellent nitrogen supplier that is easy to absorb. It is advisable to prepare the fermented concentrated feed with poultry droppings on your own. To do this, you need to mix chicken droppings with:

• pigeon;
• goose;
• duck.

Everything connects with water. The container is covered with a lid and left in a well-lit place for 14-15 days. It is advisable to stir the composition every four days. After a specified period of time, the dressing is ready for use.

Fermented plant waste recipe

1. Weeds, nettles and dandelions are poured into a large container.
2. Fill a bucket with water and cover.
3. Leave in a warm place for 21 days.
4. Stir the composition every 3-4 days.
5. After a specified period of time, the fertilizing concentrate can be used. For this, 3.2 liters of liquid fertilizer are diluted in 8 liters of water.

Garden hibiscus is an amazing plant that, with proper care, will delight you with abundant annual flowering. A perennial is able to decorate any part of a private house or summer cottage.