Daffodils planting and care in the open field

Popular spring flowers, daffodils, due to their easy care, can be seen even among novice florists. They are successfully cut into bouquets; the flowers stand in the water for a long time. The plant is suitable for flower bed and border planting.

Narcissus - what kind of garden flower is it, what family does it belong to? The perennial bulbous culture belongs to the Amaryllis family. Grown in many climates from the tropics to temperate latitudes.

Brief description, history of origin and selection

Primary species are found in Mediterranean countries, Asia, and southern regions of Europe. The bulb produces linear leaves up to 30 cm high, a flower arrow. The flower is complex, it consists of peri-crown petals and a crown with pistils and stamens. Botanists from the USA, Canada, England, Australia, New Zealand, Holland, Latvia are engaged in breeding.

The buds are white, yellow, pink, apricot, green, in some species there are red shades of the crown.

Daffodils are beautiful when planted in large quantities

Popular varieties

Hydrangea blue or blue - planting and care in the open field

There are many good varieties, the most exotic deserve attention:

Glacier - white with a white tube;
Velazquez - cream with a large orange skirt;
Debutant - with a pink crown;
Confuoko - yellow with a bright red crown (relatively new variety);
Audibon - white with a small creamy pink gramophone,
Outer Space - white with a double pink crown;
Horace - multi-flowered white-yellow;
Yorlisher - terry white and yellow.

Note! Not all seeds independently collected by growers from hybrid plants inherit specific features. A wild one can grow out of them.

How daffodils breed

Plants are planted by self-seeding and vegetatively.

Bulbs

Morning glory - planting and care in the open field

This is the most popular type of daffodil breeding; planting is carried out to a depth equal to 3 times the diameter of the head.

Children

Varietal flowers are grown in a separate box. Transplantation of small-bulb daffodils is carried out in the spring.

Important! As the bulb grows, it gradually deepens. Children who are separated from it need to be planted at a shallower depth.

Scales

The head is divided into 4 parts so that the bottom is preserved. Flakes are placed in a bag with perlite for 4 months, stored at a temperature of + 20-21 ° C. The resulting children are raised at home. After 2 years of growth, they can be planted in the beds.

Basic rules for planting seeds

Rare varieties of daffodils are often sold as seeds. A few words on how to care for seedlings.

Planting capacity and soil

Garden azalea - planting and care in the open field

Individual containers are immediately selected for planting. The best option is two half-liter plastic glasses, they are inserted into one another, a hole is made in the inner one for water drainage. In large pots in diameter, several plants are grown at once.Drainage is laid at the bottom of the planting container at ¼ of the height, then filled with potting soil for indoor flowers. It contains vermiculite that retains moisture.

The right time to sow

From species varieties, seeds are planted immediately after collection, still wet. Purchased can be planted at home at any time of the year.

Seed preparation and sowing

After purchase, hybrid seeds are pre-soaked for a day in a growth stimulator. The seeds have a hard shell, it should swell. The planting depth depends on the size of the seed, it is deepened by three lengths.

Timing

At home, seedlings are kept for 2-3 years, until a full-fledged bulb is formed.

How to care for seedlings

Growing is not difficult, it is enough to maintain soil moisture, add universal micronutrient fertilizers for indoor flowers every three months. The recommended dose is halved.

Note! When the color day is shortened, the greens are illuminated with a diode lamp. Plants get hot from an ordinary light bulb with a filament.

Narcissus seeds are small, in a hard shell

Site selection and soil preparation

To plant young bulbs in a permanent place, you need to choose the right site: illuminated and windswept by cold winds. The ideal soil is loam, flavored with ¼ organic matter.

Landing in open ground

Planting young bulbs grown from seeds is no different from planting mother material: the head is deepened to a height of three diameters.

Planting in a seedless way

The most common breeding method is bulbous. Gardeners exchange planting material in early spring. If sprouts have appeared, then this is the time when it is time to plant daffodils in a new place. The outer bulbs are separated from the uterine hummock or the entire planting is broken.

When transplanting daffodils is not recommended:

during the rest period; only thermophilic hybrids are dug up for drying, like tulips;
in the fall, because the plant is preparing for wintering.

Features of plant care in the open field

Plants do not require much attention. Caring for daffodils after flowering consists in loosening, weeding. The instructions for growing flowers can be summarized: daffodils, planting and care in the open field.

Temperature

For growth, the soil temperature must be above 10 ° C, and the air must be up to 15 ° C.

Lighting

The narcissist does not like shady areas. In the bright sun, the buds quickly fade, fade.

Watering

Watering the flowers is necessary only during the dry spring. The plant does not like excess moisture.

Note! In summer, during the rest period, watering is stopped.

Spraying

Not recommended.

Humidity

Should be moderate. In low-lying areas, drainage is required.

Priming

Plants are unpretentious, they feel oppressed only on acidic and poor soil.

Top dressing

Fertilizers are applied 4 times per season. The first feeding is nitrogen, the subsequent ones are complex.

In autumn, the plants are sprinkled with wood ash and humus.

When daffodils have faded, what to do next:

trim yellowing greens;
loosen the soil;
reduce watering.

Rare variety of Dutch selection, exhibition specimen

Why daffodils don't bloom

Daffodils are spring flowers that bloom in April-June, depending on which region of growth. In the southern regions, the buds of many varieties form seed pods by May Day. In the zones of risky agriculture in Siberia and the Urals, these plants delight with inflorescences only in late May or early April.

Types of flowers

Botanists distinguish 13 species groups. Among them there are flowers that have one or several buds:

tubular;
small and large-flowered;
terry;
jonclia, on one peduncle from 3 to 8 small inflorescences;
tacetaceous produce up to 2–5 flowers;
branus-shaped differ in shape from all others: they have narrow perianth petals, an expanding long crown, an arrow height of 20 cm;
multi-flowered, grows from 2 to 8 buds.

Flower shapes

Inflorescences vary in size, structure, bending of the outer petals.They are:

narrow;
lanceolate;
rounded;
wide;
bending outward;
tilted to the skirt;
double-row (each with 3 petals);
multi-row.

Breeders breed daffodils with a variety of color combinations

Flowers grow:

bell-shaped;
three-stalk;
funnel-shaped with a straight and wavy edge of the skirt;
tubular.

Crowns are found:

cylindrical, long and short;
expanding from slightly noticeable to exceeding the length of the petals;
with a segmental, dissected crown;

Flowering period

For the middle lane, the peak of flowering of daffodils falls on the month of May:

early bloom in the first days;
medium flowering - two weeks later;
late - by the end of the month or in June.

Important! The flowering time depends on the variety. On average, the buds last 10-14 days, in some hybrid varieties - more than 20 days.

Changes in care during flowering

First, the bulb releases an arrow, a gray capsule forms at the tip. As it grows, the shoot bends like a cocktail tube. By the end of flowering, a seed capsule is formed at the bent end of the arrow.

Possible growing problems

There are a variety of reasons why daffodils did not bloom. Heat-loving varieties are afraid of recurrent frosts. The frozen capsule dries up without blooming. It is useless to wait for flowers from small-sized varietal bulbs, they need to grow for at least 5, and sometimes 7 years. Small-bulbous bloom in the third year. Planting density negatively affects. When daffodils grow, some of the bulbs should be transplanted.

Leaf problems

If the leaf begins to turn yellow during the growth of the flowering arrow, it is recommended to check the acidity of the soil. The plant loves neutral soil. Perhaps the cause is a root infection.

Important! After lodging, it is advisable to cut off the greens so that the earth is ventilated.

Pests

It is not advisable to grow onions on a feather or turnip near flowering bulbous crops. The onion fly lays the larvae on the buds. She is destroyed by Fufanon. Acaricidal preparations are effective against root mites and nematodes. Traps save the bears from slugs.

Diseases

Fungal infections are eliminated by fungicides that are useful for protecting vegetable or greenhouse crops. Types of diseases:

with fusarium, the bulbs become soft, covered with a pinkish bloom. Leaves gradually darken, dry up;
gray rot appears as light brown spots on the leaves. Under the dark scales, a gray fluffy layer with dark dots appears on the arrow;
penicillosis develops with excess moisture.

Note! When daffodils are transplanted after flowering, the bulbs are slightly dried, disinfected in a manganese solution, or sprinkled with a mixture of ash and crushed coal. This is an excellent prevention of rot.

Signs of improper care

With a lack of fertilizing and improperly selected soil, plants develop poorly, grow slowly in spring, and form small buds. Over-fertilized soil reduces disease resistance. Varietal bulbs must be dug out after flowering, dried so that they do not get sick.

Important! For the winter, heat-loving varieties are sprinkled with a 5 cm layer of humus, after thawing the soil, it is raked up.

Poetic daffodils are the most cold-tolerant

Use in landscape design

Daffodils tolerate well the neighborhood with other perennials, bulbous flowers. They are usually placed along the edges of the flower bed so that the growing late flowering plants cover the cuttings of the leaves. In gardens, daffodils are placed near lilies, phlox, they are planted with annual asters.

There are more than 3,000 species of daffodils in the world. Every year, breeders delight with new varieties that amaze with outlandish colors, petal shape and crown. Gardeners often collect entire collections of daffodils. When choosing flowers for a site, it is worth considering the cold resistance of the variety.