Roses - planting and care in the open field for beginners
Content:
A rose can be a decoration for any garden. Graceful, fragrant, she is rightfully called the queen of flowers. Of course, in order for the plant to bloom and please the eye, you need to know how to care for roses in the country. And here there are many nuances - starting from the choice of a variety, ending with protection from pests - which will be useful for both a beginner and a seasoned florist to know about.
Planting and caring for roses for beginners
Gorgeous rose garden
Before you figure out how to care for roses in spring, you need to be very serious about choosing the right variety. Not only the beauty of flowers depends on this, but also the ability for the plant to survive the winter.
Which variety to choose depending on the region
In the southern latitudes of Russia, for example, in the Crimea or in the Kuban, almost all varieties can be grown - winters are very mild here and a well-groomed plant will easily survive them.
The middle lane is more difficult. Winters are more severe here. Therefore, roses need special care in the open field. It is best to choose relatively unpretentious varieties. Varieties will be a good choice:
- floribunda,
- park,
- hybrid tea varieties.
Finally, for lovers of roses living in Siberia or the Urals, it is advisable to give preference to the strongest varieties that can survive even harsh winters.
How to choose a rose variety
Experts say that today there are about 25 thousand varieties of roses. Choosing the right one is not at all easy. Alas, no definite advice can be given here. Therefore, the main thing is to be guided by your own taste - whether the flower grower himself likes the flowers and aroma of this or that variety.
Of course, it is important to find out if she can easily overwinter (with or without shelter) in the climate of a particular region.
Where to get seedlings
The next important question to be answered is where to get suitable seedlings. In fact, there are only two options here, and both are worth talking about.
Buying ready-made seedlings, how to choose the right one
Cuttings of roses
The most common option is buying. Looking into a store or a rose garden, you can almost always see a rich assortment of plants. There will certainly be climbing and tree-like, frost-resistant and delicate varieties. And the cost for most varieties is not too high. It remains only to decide which of the plants on sale is worthy of decorating a rose lover's garden.
Also, do not forget about the health of the plant. The seedling must meet the following requirements:
- No rot and dry areas.
- Developed root system.
- Age 2-3 years old.
- Healthy, green stems free from blemishes or damage.
If you choose the right plant, then caring for roses in the spring in the country in an open area will not cause unnecessary problems.
Growing seedlings yourself
However, some gardeners are interested in growing seedlings with their own hands, and not buying in a store.
The easiest way to get a seedling is cuttings.True, this will take a couple of years, but you can save money and, on the contrary, earn a certain amount if you sell them successfully.
The procedure is pretty simple:
- Select a healthy, sturdy branch and cut off a stalk about 20-25 cm long.
- Immerse it in water with a dissolved root growth stimulant.
- After the first roots appear (2-3 cm is enough), transplant into a pot and keep in it for a year or two until a strong root system appears.
After that, the seedling can be planted in open ground, sold or donated to friends.
Step-by-step planting procedure for beginners
An experienced florist can easily plant a rose in the ground with his eyes closed. But it will be useful for a beginner to give some advice on this procedure.
Choosing the right place
In general, the rose is a rather picky plant. Therefore, you need to choose a site for planting it responsibly. It is advisable to avoid the lowlands - cold snow water accumulates here in the spring, which can chill the roots. Roses also do not tolerate cold winds, so it is best to plant them under the protection of some object - for example, on the south side of a house, garage, shed or dense hedge.
The ideal spot is a slightly shaded area that is only well lit in the morning. Otherwise, on a hot summer day, a bush rose can get sunburn.
Soil preparation
Everything is quite simple and standard here - if the soil is depleted, then it will not be superfluous to apply a little mineral fertilizers. When digging a hole, it is advisable to get rid of large stones, old roots and other obstacles.
If the plants on the site suffer from high humidity, then you should take care of drainage - drainage of water so that the roots of the rose do not rot.
Planting a seedling
Planting a rose seedling in open ground
Too large a pit for planting hybrid and other roses is not needed - a size of 40 × 40 cm with a depth of 30-40 cm is enough.It is advisable to cover the bottom with a layer of drainage - expanded clay or pebbles are suitable - about 10 cm high.
The rest of the volume must be covered with a mixture of compost and black soil - on such a substrate, the rose will grow rapidly and bloom profusely.
The planting procedure itself is very simple. It is necessary to dig a suitable hole so that the entire root system is located without deforming. The seedling descends into it and, holding it with one hand, you need to fill up the earth, keeping the roots in a straightened state. After that, the earth is compacted a little. And that's all, the landing can be considered complete.
Watering the seedling after planting
Immediately after planting, it is advisable to water the seedling abundantly - this helps to strengthen it in the ground. In addition, if the yard is especially hot in May, then it will not be superfluous to shade the bush a little so that it does not dry out before the root system takes root in a new place.
Top dressing of a young bush
Feeding is pretty simple. Immediately after planting, you can add some phosphorus fertilizers dissolved in water - thanks to this, the root system will develop more actively.
After a few weeks, when the leaves appear, you can also use nitrogen fertilization to increase the volume of the green mass.
Finally, in early to mid-September (in the northern regions and in Siberia at the end of summer), fertilize again with phosphorus fertilizers so that the rose can easily survive the winter.
Do I need to prune a young bush in the first year
In general, pruning is not necessary - if the soil is rich in trace elements, and the plant itself is strong enough, then there will be no problems.
Another conversation, if the rose slowly takes root in a new place, the leaves are lethargic or turn yellow.In this case, most of the buds (or even all) should be cut off - yes, in the first year you will have to be left without flowers. But the bush will strengthen faster and next year it will certainly delight the grower.
How to prepare a shrub for the first winter
In most regions, roses have to be covered so that they can easily and without loss survive the winter. And the first is especially important - the plant might not have time to store all the necessary substances in the roots. Therefore, as mentioned above, it is very important to feed with phosphorus fertilizers.
In addition, by the beginning to mid-September, the roses need to be bent - later the trunks will become more fragile and less flexible. Using special pins (can be made of wire), they are fixed on the ground, after which they are covered with sawdust or protected from the cold in other ways.
After these events, you can forget about roses until April, when the time comes to open them.
Disease protection and pest control
A dangerous pest that can destroy the bush
To ensure the rapid and safe development of roses after winter, step-by-step care must necessarily include protection from diseases and parasites.
Of insects, aphids and spider mites are the most common problem. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out the treatment already at the stage of kidney swelling. Any pest drug sold at the pharmacy will do.
Powdery mildew is the most dangerous infectious disease. When the first signs appear, you need to use fungicides.
The same drugs can be used against black spot.
Even if we are talking about such whimsical flowers as roses, planting and care in the open field for beginners will not cause any special problems. It is important to study the theory well beforehand, then choose the right variety for a specific region. Then it remains to plant and properly care for.
