Reproduction of a rose by cuttings at home
Content:
To plant roses, it is not necessary to make an expensive purchase of planting material. Without much effort, you can get well-rooted seedlings of some types of beautiful roses on your own. A bouquet of roses or cut off shoots can serve as a material for growing.
How to propagate roses correctly and what you need to know for this
The period from June 15 to the end of July is the best to carry out propagation of roses by cuttings at home in open ground beds. You can do this in spring, autumn and winter, but this requires either greenhouses specially prepared for rooting plant shoots, or a place well-lit by the sun on the windowsill and planting pots.
Queen of the garden
Autumn cuttings take place after pruning and preparing rose bushes for hibernation. By this time, plants accumulate many nutrients in their tissues, contributing to the rapid growth of callus (tissue that protects plant wounds) and the formation of roots.
Varieties of ground cover, climbing and polyanthus roses reproduce well and take root. It is very difficult to achieve rooting of remontant and park varieties. Tea and hybrid tea varieties, although with difficulty, still lend themselves to propagation by cuttings.
The suitability of the branches of the rose for rooting is determined by the condition of the thorns: on suitable shoots, the thorn is easily separated from the peel. The juicy greenish color of the bark of an incompletely stiff shoot is also an indicator that it contains a lot of plastic substances and can be rooted.
Callus
Preparing to grow roses from cuttings
To saturate the seedlings with moisture, the branches of roses, before starting to cut them, are placed in settled water at room temperature for several hours. For the formation of roots, the central parts of annual shoots with a diameter of at least 0.5 cm, which are either in the stage of bud formation, or have already faded, are suitable.
The selected branches are divided into cuttings 5 to 15 cm long. Each cuttings should have at least three buds and several leaves. The lower cuts are made at an angle at a distance of 1.5-2.5 cm from the eye. The cuts can be made between the eyes. The upper sections should be straight and 0.5 cm from the kidney. 2-3 leaves are left on the upper part of the cuttings, one of them can be whole, the rest are halved to reduce the process of moisture evaporation.
Cuttings
All work is done with a sharp knife, pre-treated in a disinfector. The cuts should be smooth, in which case they will not rot. All the resulting cuttings are placed in water with a growth stimulant (heteroauxin or root) diluted in water for several hours.You can use any root-forming preparations containing β-indolyl-3-acetic acid, β-indolyl-3-butyric acid, α-naphthylacetic acid. The concentration of the solution and the method of application should be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
How to prepare the soil
The soil for planting seedlings is prepared no later than two weeks before the start of work. For planting rose seedlings in open ground, choose a site with fertile soil. The soil is dug onto the bayonet of the shovel. River sand and wood ash are added to the holes. In the absence of chernozem, podzolic or soddy soils, complex mineral fertilizers are applied to the beds.
Rooting roses in an apartment or house is necessary using a mini-greenhouse, created on the basis of flower pots or boxes with drain holes. Drainage material is placed on the bottom at ¼ of the height of the container: expanded clay, river pebbles, crushed polystyrene or others. Prepared substrate is poured on top with the addition of sand and ash.
Mini greenhouse
Rooting methods for cuttings
Not always, even absolutely correct execution of step-by-step instructions on how to plant roses, leads to a good result. With the summer and autumn rooting of pink shoots, it is possible to get normal roots in 80-90% of cases, spring attempts lead to 50% of the result, in winter the roots will germinate on 30% of the prepared branches. Therefore, it is necessary to try to root as many cuttings as possible.
Rooting in water
Use settled tap water or spring or rainwater purified from natural impurities. It is poured into a clean transparent container. 1-2 tablets of black activated carbon are added to the water. The cuttings are lowered so that the water covers the stems 2-3 cm above the lower bud. Rose leaves should not touch the water.
The jar is covered with a plastic bag cover or a plastic bottle cut at the bottom. Plants should not be exposed to direct sunlight, but cuttings will not multiply without light. As the amount of moisture in the jar decreases, water is added or completely changed.
In water
Roots germinated in this way will be very fragile, poorly protected from damage and disease, little adapted to development in a denser environment. Transplant them into the soil at a permanent growing site with care. The substrate should be nutritious, loose and constantly moist. The length of the roots should not exceed 5 cm.
Planting rose cuttings in potatoes
Rooting roses with large potatoes is beneficial in that the tubers are saturated with moisture, minerals and starch, which guarantees a high percentage of full-fledged seedlings. All eyes are cut out in potatoes. This is necessary in order for the roots to completely give all their nutrients to the flowers.
Holes are made in the potato, into which the lower ends of the cuttings will fit tightly and cut roses are inserted. Potatoes must be placed in a nutrient medium at a depth of 15 cm. The soil must completely cover the tuber and reach the level of the stem. The soil is well compacted in the area where the seedling is located. Watering should be regular, but strong waterlogging should not be allowed.
In potatoes
Rooting cuttings in a bag
This technique is used in a residential environment. Flower pots are used, on the bottom of which drainage, moist fertile substrate or sphagnum moss are laid. Moss is impregnated with freshly squeezed aloe juice diluted in water. For 9 parts of liquid, 1 part of juice is used. Flowers are placed in pots, covering and compacting the lower parts of the stems with soil mixture.
The pots are placed in transparent plastic bags, which are tied tightly, first filled with exhaled air.The bags are placed in a well-lit, warm, but not hot place. The condition of the substrate is periodically checked, if necessary, it is moistened.
In the package
Rooting prepared summer cuttings in the ground
Cuttings rooted in summer should not be planted in open ground before winter. They are planted in containers and kept in an artificial climate in heated greenhouses or on a windowsill. If peduncles appear on the seedling at this time, they must be removed. The next year, with the onset of constant average daily heat of at least 15 ° C, rooted roses are planted in a permanent place in open ground.
Trannoy method
The Russian gardener P. Trannois proposes to root cuttings of roses immediately in the area where their permanent cultivation is planned. If you skip the stage of root formation in the nursery, then the plants take root without additional effort.
Before planting cuttings, which are cut up to 20-23 cm long from strong faded annual shoots with several leaves, carefully prepare the soil: loosen, remove weeds, apply fertilizers, moisten. The cuttings are planted at an angle to a depth of the first leaf; a distance of up to 50 cm is maintained between the plants. The tops of the plants should be directed to the north.
"Trannois"
After planting the seedlings, the soil is well shed with water, compacted in the future root zone. Caps made of cut wide plastic bottles are put on the plants. The growing place is shaded.
Method "Burrito"
The Mexicans call the stuffed dough a burrito. Cuttings of roses that they want to propagate are also wrapped in a newspaper cake. The newspaper roll is moistened with water to such an extent that it does not lose its shape. Excess water should drain off. Rose burritos are placed in a plastic bag and stored between 18 ° C and 20 ° C. In this form, cuttings of roses on the lower cut will begin to form callus and expel roots.
A bundle of roses should be periodically moistened and checked for rot. When signs of mold appear, the spoiled cuttings are discarded, the newspaper is changed to a fresh one. Cuttings are planted after the length of the roots reaches 3-5 cm: in the winter, in planting pots, in the spring at a permanent place of cultivation.
"Burrito"
How to care for planted cuttings
Young roses that have taken root in the open field are covered with a mound of earth from 10 to 20 cm high. Thus, a permanent mound is created, which allows the plant to form several levels of roots and protects the original cutting. Regular watering and feeding of the root zone of the plant is carried out. Nutrient mixtures are applied after the main watering in small holes slightly away from the root system. During the summer season, complex fertilizers are used no more than once a month.
The soil around the rose bushes must be weeded and loosened to ensure heating and air exchange of the soil. Roots and shoots will grow more actively in warm soil than in cold soil. When the temperature drops, the plants absorb moisture poorly, slowly increase the green mass, and do not form peduncles. Without proper care, it is impossible to get strong rose bushes, despite all the efforts that have been made in the previous stages of propagation of cuttings.
Rose in the garden
Such beautiful flowers as roses, rightfully occupy the most honorable place in personal plots and under the windows of high-rise buildings. The cheapest and easiest way to solve the question of how to propagate roses by cuttings at home is not to doubt your abilities and take on this work.
