What are the trees in the Middle Lane - deciduous and coniferous trees
Content:
The most common tree in the eastern European part of the country is considered to be pine. Common spruce and white fir are no less popular. However, most of the territory is occupied by deciduous plants. To figure out what kind of trees are on the territory of the country, you need to familiarize yourself with their types and characteristics.
What trees grow in the forest
What trees grow in a coniferous and mixed forest is a question that worries many. In coniferous Russian forests, which occupy up to 70% of the country's area, there are low temperatures and high humidity. Therefore, spruce, pine, and larch are considered the main representatives here. In deciduous forests that stretch from the western part of the country to the Ural Mountains, oak, maple, and linden grow. All kinds of trees can be found in the mixed forests of Russia: poplar, pine, spruce, linden, oak, elm shrub.
A tree with a spreading crown in the park
Types of trees
All trees are divided into coniferous and deciduous. Different conifers have the following characteristics:
- considered evergreen, sprout in Central Russia in moderately humid expanses;
- most often found in the northern regions of the country;
- have one trunk, from which lateral branches extend;
- have leaves that look like needles;
- the fruits of conifers are cones, in which subsequent seeds are formed.
The height level varies at around 50 m. Deciduous trees in the Moscow region and other environs of Russia, according to evolutionary standards, were formed later than conifers. Hardwoods can be found in mixed forests. The following tree species are classified:
- small-leaved;
- broadleaf;
- evergreen;
- deciduous.
Such plants have a shorter lifespan, on average up to 200 years. Their sizes vary within 35 m.
Deciduous trees of Russia
Deciduous forest trees include linden, birch, oak, elm. Such vegetation is found in mixed forests throughout Russia.
Linden
Linden belongs to the deciduous group of plants.
Big linden in the middle of the field
Geographically, it grows in the European part of the country. The heights reach 40 m. The linden crown has a spherical shape, in diameter it can grow up to 20 m. This gives the tree majesty. The leaves are arranged on long stalks in a regular order. The leaf plate has a jagged structure and a yellow tint. Linden bloom begins in early July and lasts up to two weeks.
Oak
The oak belongs to the Bukovyh subspecies. It grows in the eastern European part of Russia. The plant is impressive in size. Its length reaches 60 m, and the width of the trunk is kept at around 2 m. The oak has a spherical crown, making it majestic and wide. The bark of the tree has a gray tint, as it develops, it turns black. Average life expectancy is 500 years.
The oak is distinguished by a taproot system, its leaves have different rounded edges and a regular arrangement.
Elm
Elms are deciduous trees, wild, reaching a height of 30-40 m. In this case, the width of the trunk increases to 2 m as it grows. Sometimes elm is found in the form of shrubs. The crown of a plant most often has a cylindrical shape, but sometimes it is also spherical. The elm can live up to 120 years. In history, there have been recorded cases of his life expectancy up to 400 years.
Birch
Birch grows in the northern and central latitudes of the country. This plant is suitable for cultivation in summer cottages. Birch grows up to 40 m in height, lives up to 150 years. The leaf shape of the plant is round with jagged edges. Inflorescences in the form of flattened earrings. Birch is not picky about growing conditions, so sand, clay, stones can be used for planting it.
Lonely birch in the center of a green field
Coniferous trees of Russia
Conifers include evergreen types of plants: spruce, cedar, pine, larch. These are Russian trees that have needle-shaped leaves and fruit in the form of cones.
Spruce
Common spruce can be found throughout the territory of the Russian Federation. Average indicators of its height reach 35 m. However, there are plants even higher, up to 50 m. The spruce has a conical crown, which begins almost at its base. The trunk of the plant has an average thickness of up to 1.3 m. Spruce grows in coniferous forests for up to 300 years. Hares feed on spruce cones; during the flowering period, they begin to dance around the trunk and collect fallen seeds. Spruce is considered the main attribute of the New Year holidays; in winter, its fluffy branches are covered with frost and snow.
The tree is characterized by flattened needles, the length of which varies within 4 cm. Their shade is green. If the spruce grows in open areas, then its branching begins almost at the base.
Pine
The Pine family is considered a long-liver among conifers (up to 800 years). The length of the pine tree reaches 50 m in height, the width of the trunk is up to 1 m. Branching begins at a distance of 2 m from the base of the tree. The pine is distinguished by its gray bark, which is covered with characteristic cracks. The crown has the shape of a pyramid. There are bunches of needles on the branches, the length of each of them is up to 15 cm. Birds feed on seeds in winter and summer, to get prey, the birds must be quiet and carefully make their way to the intended target.
Pine is often used in folk medicine. Its unopened kidneys contain a large amount of vitamins, essential oils and tannins. These elements help to cope with many chronic diseases.
Cedar
Cedar is an evergreen plant that grows up to 40 m in height. The width of its trunk is up to 2 m. On average, the cedar lives for about 500 years.
The crown of the tree has a multi-vertex shape. The branches grow needles up to 16 cm long. Cedar cones are distinguished by their ovoid shape, their length reaches 13 cm. Each cone contains up to 140 cedar fruits. Birds feed on the remains of seeds. They store them for the winter to survive the frost. People also store cedar fruits. They help to cope with many diseases. To do this, they take a branch so that it twitches, sway it a little and collect the fruits that have fallen to the ground.
Larch
Larch is a tree that can be found in the Urals and in the temperate continental regions of the country.
Ripe fruits on larch branches
Plant height 50 m, conical crown shape. Young larch has smooth bark, adult larch has cracks on it. The average life span of a plant is 500 years.Larch needles have a gray coating; on small branches it grows in bunches.
Southern varieties of trees
Southern trees are distinguished by good drought tolerance, abundant rainfall. These plants grow in regions with hot climates. The list of trees includes poplar, apricot tree, cypress, sumac. They grow in plant nurseries or in summer cottages and suburban areas.
Cypress
Cypress is a fast growing evergreen species. Cypress is a perennial tree that grows up to 25 m. The plant can be in the form of a shrub up to 2 m long. The main growth of a cypress occurs in the first years of its life. Further, it increases by several centimeters every year. The life span of a cypress is up to 2000 years. Its trunk is straight or slightly curved, the bark is smooth, over time it acquires a furrowed structure. The leaves of the plant are scaly.
Acacia
White acacia is a plant that belongs to the legume genus and grows in the south. Acacia can be shrubby and woody. The height of the tree is up to 30 m, the width of the trunk is up to 2 m. Acacia has a wide crown, which spreads over several meters. The leaves of the tree are long, within 25 cm, pinnate. The fruits of the plant are beans up to 6 cm long. Each of them contains about 8 seeds. Their ripening begins in mid-late September.
Poplar pyramidal
The pyramidal poplar belongs to the Willow family. Its length varies within 40 m, and the trunk width reaches 1 m. Poplar has a pyramidal crown, its flowering begins in late April and early March. The average life expectancy is 300 years. Poplar has a smooth gray bark, a well-developed root system. Because of this, the growth of poplar occurs quite quickly. The leaves of the plant are diamond-shaped, and its flowers are combined into long catkins.
Ash
Ash is a deciduous tree species. Its height can reach 40 m. The shape of the crown is rounded, the branches of the tree are directed upwards.
Lone ash tree with a spherical crown
The barrel has a cylindrical shape. Ash leaves represent an inflorescence of 10-15 small green leaves. The fruits of the plant, lionfish, grow up to 5 cm. At first they have a green tint, then turn brown. Flowering begins in spring, after a long winter sleep.
Sumac
Deer-horned sumac has another name - vinegar tree. This is a plant that belongs to the Sumakhov subspecies. For the first time, the plant, according to the tree encyclopedia, appeared in North America. Sumy is similar in appearance to a palm tree. Its crown is spreading, umbrella-shaped, leaves are dissected. The trunk is brown. The leaves are red.
Russia is a beautiful country with diverse vegetation. On its open spaces you can find coniferous, deciduous trees. Each of them has its own characteristics, size and life expectancy. Many plants are used in folk medicine in conjunction with various herbs and cosmetology to treat female and male pathologies. The names of all trees in alphabetical order can be seen in special reference books, where their detailed characteristics are described.
