Flower Adonis - planting and care in the open field

Adonis is a very common plant among gardeners. It is valued for its decorative effect, useful properties, contains glycosides, alcohols, trace elements, and is used as a sedative and diuretic. Below is written about the species diversity, methods of growing and reproducing a flower.

Description of the plant

Adonis is better known as an adonis, a yellow flower or a bush-bush, a relative of "night blindness", belongs to the Buttercup family. There are more than 20 annual species and about 45 perennials in the world. In the wild, the flower grows in subtropical latitudes and areas with a temperate climate, frosty winters. The name of the flower is associated with a touching legend. That was the name of the son of the Cypriot king, the beloved of Aphrodite, who died while hunting. There is another version of the name associated with the Assyrian god Adon.

The amazing beauty of the spring adonis, the description of the flower is in the treatises five centuries ago

Brief description of adonis:

• shrub grows from 30 to 60 cm tall;
• single root, growing downward, brownish, with corded processes;
• stems are erect, simple or branched;
• leaves narrowly dissected into strips or needle-like parts;
• single flower, from 4 to 8 cm in size, glossy petals of red or yellow color, oblong with a rounded tip up to 3 cm long, petals grow from 10 to 20 pieces;
• the fruits are wrinkled, resembling buckwheat in appearance.

Types and varieties

Breeders create hybrids based on adonis brought from different parts of the world. On store shelves, you can see bags with the image of a wide variety of buds. Gardeners prefer seed-propagating species.

Here are some of the types of adonis:

• Mediterranean species of annual or autumn adonis reach a height of 30 cm. Stems branch from the middle, forming a dense bush. The buds are bright red or light yellow, small, only 1.5–2 cm in diameter. Leaves are strongly dissected. The species has been known since 1596. Flowering begins in June and lasts until mid-August;
• Volga adonis is found along the banks of rivers in the middle zone of the European part of Eurasia. Differs in pubescence of young shoots, purple sepals. The petals are yellow, of a delicate pastel shade, pale. The tips of the dissected leaves are bent down;

Red adonis will become a bright accent in the design of a garden or lawn

• in the middle of Europe there is adonis Summer or "ember on fire", the English call the flower "pheasant's eye". The stems of Adonis Summer are straight, up to 30 cm tall. Buds up to 3 cm, appear in June, persist until mid-August;
• Adonis Vernalis: Adonis of the species Vernalis or Spring is included in the list of medicinal plants. Found in Eastern Europe, in the western regions of Siberia, in the foothills of the Caucasus. Adonis Spring has a thick rhizome, the bush grows up to 60 cm tall, in June buds appear on low shoots;
• Far Eastern Amurensis Adonis is found in Japan, on the Korean Peninsula, in the northeastern provinces of China. Adonis Amursky blooms for three weeks, the flowers are large, up to 5 cm in diameter, wide open, with several rows of petals. The height of the bush is 35 cm.

On the basis of the species plant Adonis of the Amurensis species, hybrid varieties have been created:

• Benten - terry white;
• Ramosa or "Adonis mahra red" with red-brown buds;
• Hinomoto is a multicolored double bud with a red-orange center bordered with bronze-green petals.

Adonis flower growing from seed

Adonis annual is grown only from seeds. They quickly lose their germination, so they are buried in the ground immediately after collection. In spring they germinate at a temperature of + 5 ° C. When packaged seeds of adonis flower are purchased in stores, they grow seedlings at home or in greenhouses.

Adonis annual flower: sowing

Adonis loves loose soils, the soil is prepared from a mixture of 2 parts of sand, 1 part of humus and 1 part of sod land. The seeds are buried 1–1.5 cm, planting is carried out in individual tall cups or a total container 25 cm high. The seed is laid out at a distance of 15–20 cm. Seedlings will appear in 14–21 days. Planting dates for annuals - April-May.

Perennial seeds must undergo stratification - survive the winter period. They are sown in late autumn, kept in a cold basement until the snow cover is established, then buried in the snow.

Seedling care

Seedlings are protected from direct sunlight, shade. Watered daily by spraying. Seedlings try not to dive, thin out by pulling. Adonis does not like transplanting, the plant adapts to new conditions for a long time.

Planting adonis in open ground

Before transplanting, the seedlings are hardened: during the day they are taken out to a cool place, where the temperature is above + 12 ° C. First, it is kept for 2 hours, then longer.

When to plant adonis

Young annual plants are transferred to a permanent place after recurrent frosts. Perennials can be transplanted until mid-autumn, because the shoots need to get stronger within a month before wintering.

The perennial Mongolian or Apennine adonis is recognized by its terry green core; on the basis of this plant, many beautiful hybrids have been bred

How to plant

For adonis, a neutral drained soil is chosen, areas shaded in the afternoon. For abundant flowering, you need a soil rich in humus and minerals.

Landing is carried out by the transshipment method, without destroying the earthen coma. Before transplanting, the plant is not watered for two days. Seedlings are taken out of individual cups by tapping, from common containers - with a garden scoop to remove dandelions. The recommended interval between the bushes is 25 - 30 cm. The depth of the hole should be at least 30 cm. A handful of humus is thrown into it, an earthen lump is placed vertically on top.

Caring for adonis in the garden

Adonis is an unpretentious plant, but it grows slowly. Perennials bloom in 3-5 years, depending on growing conditions.

How to grow

To form new buds, the soil is regularly loosened, especially on loamy soils, where a crust forms after irrigation and rain. Top dressing is carried out during the budding period, complex mineral fertilizers are used.

Planting one-year-old adonis, the flower bushes well, blooms profusely, if the intervals between seedlings are maintained

How to water a plant

Adonis is a moisture-loving herb, you do not need to wait for the soil to dry out for watering. On hot days, it is better to moisturize the flower daily, do it at the root, in the morning or late in the evening.

Reproduction of adonis

In addition to the seed method of propagation, there is a root one. A bush can become a maternal one at the age of 5 years.It is dug up, divided into parts so that each delenka has buds of growth, central long roots. Rhizome sections are treated with crushed coal or a mixture of chalk and Fitosporin in equal proportions. Division is carried out with a sharp knife or a well-sharpened shovel.

The favorable time for dividing the bush is August or early September. The resulting parts are immediately moved to a new location. Caring for them is the same as for young plants.

The survival rate depends on the correct division of the bush, the more upper buds on the plot, the better

Diseases and pests

In this regard, the plant does not cause trouble. Poisons contained in all parts of the plant, destructive for fungal infections, repel insects.

Adonis after flowering

The leaves and fruits of the shrub are used as raw materials for traditional medicine. They are harvested immediately after flowering, it is believed that at this time they contain the most useful substances.

How and when to collect seeds

In annuals, fruits ripen in June-July, in perennials a little later. High-quality seed material is collected from bushes at the age of 6-7 years. The boxes are carefully cut off after the petals fall off, the sepals dry out. The seeds are immediately ready for planting.

Preparing for winter

Perennial adonis flowers that have been growing in one place for many years do not need shelter. Bushes winter well. For the first wintering, young growth and planted cuttings are thrown with dry peat with a layer of 10 cm or another type of mulch (rotted dry sawdust, straw, humus).

Adonis gets along well next to other perennials, the flower becomes a bright accent of the composition

Adonis has amazing buds - varnished bright petals, a dark core. Greenery looks decorative, the flower is planted in groups or singly on flower beds, lawns, alpine hills. They are used for decoration of plots and in landscape design.