Pruning roses - when and how to do it, forming a bush

Pruning roses is an important step that will help maintain the health of the bush, and will affect the duration of flowering. Knowing the simple but important rules, you can become a real professional in growing these plants. The main thing is to know how and when to prune roses, what tool to use.

Pruning roses - why prune rose bushes

After cutting roses, positive changes occur:

• young branches, shoots are growing;
• the root system begins to develop to the maximum, and this improves the nutrition and growth of the shrub;
• all energy is spent on the development of new shoots, flowering, since all unnecessary is removed.

Blooming red rose

How to properly prune roses? Circumcision is done for different purposes.

Sanitary

The procedure involves the spring removal of shoots that have turned black, spots have appeared on them. You should not try to save these branches, they will still dry out, and they will serve as a source of the development of diseases. You need to cut it off gradually, in parts, until you get to healthy wood.

Rejuvenating

In order for a rose to delight in the garden for a long time, you need to carry out anti-aging pruning. By getting rid of old shoots, you can achieve the appearance of young twigs.

Experienced gardeners are advised to remove branches that are over 3 years old every spring. They are easy to notice: their color is not saturated-green, it seems that they have dried out. If you leave them, you will not be able to achieve abundant flowering, because such branches poorly transfer nutrients from the root system.

When the bush blooms worse, growth has slowed down, then it is urgently necessary to carry out a radical pruning. Do not spare the shoots, it is better to leave a few young branches, this will restore the plant, return it to active flowering. In the future, in the summer or autumn period, you will need to leave about 4 shoots, and in the spring - do not forget about feeding (mineral micronutrient fertilizers, rotted manure will help).

To enhance the development of the root system, you should use "Kornevin" or "Heteroauxin". In the first case, you will need 1 bag for 5 liters of water, and in the second - 100 mg for 10 liters of water. You need to cut off the branches into a ring, there should be no hemp.

Formative

If you correctly carry out the previous pruning (rejuvenating and sanitary), the frame of the bush will form. Therefore, you can start sketching the skeleton of a rose.

You should cut off the branches that grow from the bottom. They are usually weak and unable to bloom. Also, you don't need wood without buds. By the way, if such branches have appeared, it is worth reconsidering leaving. Perhaps a lot of fertilizer has been applied or the plant does not have enough light.

It is necessary to pay attention to which shoots are competing and rubbing with each other. Delete those branches that look weaker. If several shoots have grown from one bud, you need to leave one. To improve lighting, remove the twigs inside. The formation of a rose bush is an important stage.

Stimulating

Its goal is the emergence of new shoots. Weak branches should be cut more, and strong ones should not be touched.

When the plant is pruned

When should you prune roses? Roses are pruned three times a year, in winter they are not touched. Each of them has specific goals:

• Spring. During this period, it will be necessary to remove weeds, branches that have deteriorated over the winter. Sanitary pruning, which was mentioned above, is carried out to form a bush. Special tools are used. They must be sharp. The cut is required to be done at an angle of 45 degrees.
• Summer. The shrub needs watering, weeding, pest control, if any. When flowers wither, they need to be removed so that the plant does not waste energy on their nutrition.
• Autumn. Almost all roses need shelter for the winter. That is why they need to be cut and cooked for cold weather.

Pruning a rose

Why autumn pruning is so important

It is helpful to do a few pruning a year. But it is in the fall that gardeners prepare plants for winter so that it does not die.

In addition to cutting off the branches, it is worth using an antifungal drug. This will protect the plant from a variety of diseases. Before the cold weather, all the foliage is removed. If you leave it, it will start to rot, and this will badly affect the health of the rose. It is on the leaves that bacteria and fungi accumulate. They are also removed from the ground where the bush grows. It is best to burn them or move them away from the garden or garden.

They begin to take care of the rose from the beginning of September. When she finished flowering, fertilizing is carried out, the branches are cut off. For the winter, the bushes are covered so that they do not die.

Taking into account the variety of the flower, the height of the cuts is selected:

• if it is a large-flowered plant, then about 8 buds are left, branches are cut off by 1/3 part;
• medium pruning should be discarded if the variety is curly or bud-cover (the latter does not need to be pruned at all before winter);
• if the roses are small-colored or polyanthus, then short pruning is carried out.

What are the ways of pruning

There are such pruning methods:

• Short. It is also called low, strong pruning. It is often carried out in the spring, if you need to prune hybrid tea, polyanthus roses, as well as a variety of floribunda. If new bushes have been planted, then this pruning method is also used. The plant is sheared, leaving 1/3 of the branches, which should have 3-4 buds.
• Average. This is a moderate pruning. It is often used when the plant has bloomed. It is more suitable for medium-sized varieties. The branches are cut, leaving 5-7 buds.
• Long. In this case, 8-15 kidneys are left.

Correct and incorrect pruning of a rose bush

It is necessary to monitor the plant during the entire growing season, cut off unnecessary or affected branches. This will protect against the appearance of diseases.

What needs to be removed during the trimming process

For pruning to be beneficial, you need to know how to prune the shrub rose correctly. The cut should be oblique, positioned 0.5 cm above the kidney.

If there is a desire to grow a spreading bush, pruning should be carried out over the bud that is directed to the outside. A new branch will appear from it, which will not grow into the center of the shrub. But if you cut off the shoot above the bud, which is directed inside the bush, then it will form erect, but in this case flowering may deteriorate. It all depends on the wishes of the gardener himself.

Correct rose pruning

The age of the plant is also taken into account. If it is a young annual, then the branches are cut in half. In the future, they are trimmed less.

During pruning, old shoots are removed, as well as branches that have weakened, dried up. Pay attention to weeds, they interfere with the normal growth of the rose. Most gardeners leave no shoots that grow towards the center of the bush.

What tools are used

To trim and care for a rose, you need a pruner with sharp blades that resembles a pair of scissors. With such a tool, branches are cut evenly, and the crust does not flake off. It is better that the pruner is used only for caring for roses.

So that the tool does not harm the plant, it should be sharpened after a while, disinfected. Before the beginning of winter, it is treated with machine oil and left by the spring.

A delimber is used to remove thick branches. It has powerful handles that resemble levers. And with a garden saw, you can remove very old shoots of large diameter. These are the main tools that are needed to care for a rose.

How to prune shoots correctly

How to prune roses correctly? First of all, you need to understand that the cut should be oblique. The pruner should be held at a 45 degree angle. The cut should not be directed towards the kidney, because the water will flow directly towards it, which will lead to decay. They also do not leave hemp, which will dry out in the future, which can lead to diseases.

If the cut is large enough (larger than the size of the nail), you should use a garden varnish or a special paste. For such a purpose, the "Runnet" tool may be suitable. In this case, protection is created against the penetration of infection, drying out, and loss of juices.

What varieties should be cut in the fall

Pruning in the fall is done for many varieties. Below is a detailed description:

• Floribunda. Combined trimming is in progress. Half of the branches are not touched much, leaving about 10 buds. This will lead to early blooming. The rest of the shoots are cut off more, 3-5 buds should remain on them. This will provoke the appearance of new branches. Blooming on them will be observed later. These varieties bloom for a long time, so if the temperature indicators require the preparation of the rose for the winter, you should not spare the flowers, they are cut off. If tightened, the plant may die. Pruning directly depends on the wishes of the gardener. If you want to see a short, lush bush with a lot of flowers, then you should do a strong pruning. To get a tall shrub, where the buds will be located at the top, you do not need to cut the shoots too much.
• Polyanthus roses. The shrub should have 7-8 main shoots. All unnecessary is removed. All branches that are directed into the bush are also cut out. Before winter, the shoots are shortened by a third.
• Miniature roses. After the autumn pruning, 5-7 buds should remain.
• Park roses. In the fall, weak shoots, dried up branches are removed. Pruning is done to increase the density. But these species can easily endure the winter.
• Climbing roses. Such varieties are cut in order to direct the weaving in the right direction. Pruning a climbing rose is also important in summer.
• Semi-climbing roses. The third part of the branch needs to be cut off.
• Standard types (pruning hybrid tea roses). In this case, about half of all shoots are removed. Some people are afraid to overdo it. But these varieties differ in that after winter they have many young twigs.

You need to prune almost all varieties of roses.

Ground cover roses deserve special attention. These varieties cover the earth with buds. They are not cut off. The only thing gardeners advise is to remove flowers before winter and shoots that interfere with the development of the plant.

Formation of a rose bush in the first year of planting

Many people wonder how to form a good rose bush in the first year after planting.For the normal formation of the shrub, pinching of the shoots is carried out. This work begins when the 4th leaf appears. If buds appear, they are removed. This contributes to the development of new branches. A beautiful bush will form over the summer.

Step by step guide

The pruning algorithm is the same, regardless of the variety. How do you cut roses? Even a novice gardener can cope with this task. Below is a description of the steps:

1. Initially, you need to pay attention to the tools. They must be clean, sharp. To disinfect them, treatment with copper sulfate or manganese solution is carried out.
2. A bush is considered, weeds, debris, fallen leaves are removed from the ground. If there is foliage on the plant, it must also be removed. If the leaves lie under cover, moisture will evaporate, then rotting will begin, which will provoke a disease of the shrub.
3. Pruning begins. Initially, wild growth is harvested that grows at the roots. These are light green branches. It is worth getting rid of shoots that grow incorrectly, interfere with the formation of a beautiful bush, have damage, diseases. Weak branches are removed. You also need to remove shoots without buds to the very base.
4. After such work, the sections need to be processed using garden pitch, paste, biobalm. Otherwise, infection can penetrate. All branches that have been cut must be removed, not left near the plant.
5. At the end, the bush is sprayed with biological products and sheltered for the winter. In the spring, re-processing of the sections will be required.

Pruning a rose

It is important to properly prune roses throughout the year, adhering to the pattern. Autumn pruning is especially important. It depends on how the rose will bloom and develop. Competent care will protect against diseases, plant death.